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MQL5 简介（第 9 部分）：理解和使用 MQL5 中的对象·进阶篇

第 2/3 篇

本章目录

抓当前图表那张持仓的单子
抓持仓要素并画风险收益带
用矩形和趋势线把持仓区间画出来
用代码把持仓区间画成可视区块
把止损止盈画成图表上的实体区
把持仓盈亏钉在趋势线上

◍ 抓当前图表那张持仓的单子

想在 MT5 里只盯当前图表品种的第一张持仓，核心是先拿 ChartID() 锁定图表，再用 PositionGetString(POSITION_SYMBOL) 跟 ChartSymbol(chart_id) 做比对，避免把别的品种持仓误读进来。下面这段逻辑用 position_index 输入参数（默认 0，索引从 0 起算）指定取第几张单，循环里用 PositionGetTicket(i) 拿每张单的 ticket，再判断 ticket 是否等于 PositionGetTicket(position_index) 且品种对得上。匹配成功后，用 PositionGetDouble 取开仓价、SL、TP，用 PositionGetInteger(POSITION_TIME) 强转 int 拿开仓时间，最后 Print 出来。你在策略测试器里跑 EA，终端面板的 Experts 标签会按 index 0 打出类似『Open Price index 0: 1.08562 / SL index 0: 1.08310』的四行记录，可直接核对抓取是否准确。外汇与贵金属杠杆高，持仓抓取仅作监控用途，任何据此调整仓位的动作都伴随本金回撤可能。

MQL5 / C++

class="type">class="kw">double open_price;             class=class="str">"cmt">// Variable to store the entry price of the position
class="type">class="kw">double stop_loss;             class=class="str">"cmt">// Variable to store the Stop Loss level of the position
class="type">class="kw">double take_profit;           class=class="str">"cmt">// Variable to store the Take Profit level of the position
class="type">class="kw">datetime position_open_time; class=class="str">"cmt">// Variable to store the open time of the position
class=class="str">"cmt">// Define the position index for the first position
input class="type">int position_index  = class="num">0; class=class="str">"cmt">// POSITION INDEX(Index starts from class="num">0)
class=class="str">"cmt">// Get the ID of the current chart
class="type">long chart_id = ChartID();
class="type">void OnTick()
  {
  for(class="type">int i = class="num">0; i < PositionsTotal(); i++)
    {
      class="type">class="kw">ulong ticket = PositionGetTicket(i);
      if(PositionGetInteger(POSITION_TICKET) == PositionGetTicket(position_index) && PositionGetString(POSITION_SYMBOL) == ChartSymbol(chart_id))
        {
         open_price = PositionGetDouble(POSITION_PRICE_OPEN);
         stop_loss = PositionGetDouble(POSITION_SL);
         take_profit = PositionGetDouble(POSITION_TP);
         position_open_time = (class="type">int)PositionGetInteger(POSITION_TIME);
         Print("Open Price index ",i,": ",open_price);
         Print("SL index ",i,": ",stop_loss);
         Print("TP index ",i,": ",take_profit);
         Print("Open time index ",i,": ",position_open_time);
        }
    }
  }

「抓持仓要素并画风险收益带」

在 MT5 的 EA 里想可视化某笔持仓的止损盈利区，第一步是把仓位的关键字段抓出来。下面这段代码定义了开仓价、SL、TP、开仓时间四个变量，并用 input 把 position_index 默认设为 1（注意索引从 0 起算，所以实际抓的是第二笔持仓），同时用 ChartID() 锁定当前图表、用 "23:59" 字符串预留一个平仓 zone 时间点。循环里用 PositionsTotal() 遍历所有持仓，通过 PositionGetTicket(position_index) 比对票据号，再叠加 ChartSymbol(chart_id) 确认品种一致才取值。open_price、stop_loss、take_profit 分别来自 POSITION_PRICE_OPEN / POSITION_SL / POSITION_TP，position_open_time 则把 POSITION_TIME 强转 int。每抓一笔就用 Print 把四个值打到日志，你直接在 MT5 终端的 Experts 标签里就能看到类似 "Open Price index 1: 1.08432" 的输出，据此判断 EA 有没有认错仓位。外汇与贵金属杠杆高，SL/TP 区域仅作概率参考，实盘须自担风险。别把索引当摆设 position_index 设成 1 却只有 0 号持仓时，PositionGetTicket(1) 会返回 0，整个 if 不进，画面上一根 zone 都不会画。开 EA 前先确认持仓数 ≥ 2，或改成 0 测第一笔。

MQL5 / C++

class="type">class="kw">double open_price;                    class=class="str">"cmt">// Variable to store the entry price of the position
class="type">class="kw">double stop_loss;                    class=class="str">"cmt">// Variable to store the Stop Loss level of the position
class="type">class="kw">double take_profit;                  class=class="str">"cmt">// Variable to store the Take Profit level of the position
class="type">class="kw">datetime position_open_time;         class=class="str">"cmt">// Variable to store the open time of the position
class=class="str">"cmt">// Define the position index for the first position
input class="type">int position_index  = class="num">1;       class=class="str">"cmt">// POSITION INDEX(Index starts from class="num">0)
class=class="str">"cmt">// Get the ID of the current chart
class="type">long chart_id = ChartID();           class=class="str">"cmt">// Store the ID of the current chart
class="type">class="kw">string time = "class="num">23:class="num">59";               class=class="str">"cmt">// Define a specific time as a class="type">class="kw">string
class=class="str">"cmt">// Define the class="type">color for the losing zone
input class="type">color sl_zonez_color  = clrPink; class=class="str">"cmt">// Choose a class="type">color for Losing Zone
class=class="str">"cmt">// Define the class="type">color for the winning zone
input class="type">color tp_zonez_color  = clrSpringGreen; class=class="str">"cmt">// Choose a class="type">color for Winning Zone
class=class="str">"cmt">//+------------------------------------------------------------------+
class=class="str">"cmt">//| Expert tick function                                             |
class=class="str">"cmt">//+------------------------------------------------------------------+
class="type">void OnTick()
  {
class=class="str">"cmt">// Convert the class="type">class="kw">string time to class="type">class="kw">datetime
   class="type">class="kw">datetime close_zone = StringToTime(time);
class=class="str">"cmt">// Loop through all open positions
   for(class="type">int i = class="num">0; i < PositionsTotal(); i++)
     {
      class=class="str">"cmt">// Get the ticket number of the position at index &class="macro">#x27;i&class="macro">#x27;
      class="type">class="kw">ulong ticket = PositionGetTicket(i);
      class=class="str">"cmt">// Check if the position matches the specified index and symbol of the current chart
      if(PositionGetInteger(POSITION_TICKET) == PositionGetTicket(position_index) && PositionGetString(POSITION_SYMBOL) == ChartSymbol(chart_id))
        {
         class=class="str">"cmt">// Retrieve and store the entry price of the position
         open_price = PositionGetDouble(POSITION_PRICE_OPEN);
         class=class="str">"cmt">// Retrieve and store the Stop Loss level of the position
         stop_loss = PositionGetDouble(POSITION_SL);
         class=class="str">"cmt">// Retrieve and store the Take Profit level of the position
         take_profit = PositionGetDouble(POSITION_TP);
         class=class="str">"cmt">// Retrieve and store the open time of the position
         position_open_time = (class="type">int)PositionGetInteger(POSITION_TIME);
         class=class="str">"cmt">// Print the retrieved values for debugging or verification
         Print("Open Price index ",i,": ",open_price);
         Print("SL index ",i,": ",stop_loss);
         Print("TP index ",i,": ",take_profit);
         Print("Open time index ",i,": ",position_open_time);
         class=class="str">"cmt">// Create a rectangle to represent the Stop Loss(SL) zone on the chart

用矩形和趋势线把持仓区间画出来

在 MT5 里给已开仓位标视觉区间，最直接的方法是 OBJ_RECTANGLE 矩形加 OBJ_TREND 趋势线。下面这段代码在仓位有 SL/TP 时分别画「SL Zone」「TP zone」两块矩形，无对应止损止盈则跳过该矩形创建。矩形属性里 OBJPROP_BACK 设成 true 很关键，否则色块会盖住 K 线导致无法看价格行为。OBJPROP_FILL 接受的是颜色值而非布尔，填 sl_zonez_color 即可让区块半透明着色，边框宽度 1 够用不抢视线。趋势线从 position_open_time 的 open_price 拉到 TimeCurrent() 的实时 ask，等于把建仓点到现在的市价连成一条通道。外汇和贵金属杠杆高，这种可视化仅辅助读盘，不代表任何方向确定性，价格可能随时反向击穿区块。复制时确认 chart_id 已正确获取（通常用 0 指代当前图表），close_zone 需是时间类型变量，否则矩形右边界会渲染异常。

MQL5 / C++

ObjectCreate(chart_id, "SL Zone", OBJ_RECTANGLE, class="num">0, position_open_time, open_price, close_zone, stop_loss);
class=class="str">"cmt">// Create a rectangle to represent the Take Profit(TP) zone on the chart
ObjectCreate(chart_id, "TP zone", OBJ_RECTANGLE, class="num">0, position_open_time, open_price, close_zone, take_profit);
class=class="str">"cmt">// Set properties for the SL zone rectangle
ObjectSetInteger(chart_id, "SL Zone", OBJPROP_COLOR, sl_zonez_color); class=class="str">"cmt">// Set class="type">color to the selected SL zone class="type">color
ObjectSetInteger(chart_id, "SL Zone", OBJPROP_STYLE, STYLE_SOLID);    class=class="str">"cmt">// Set style to solid
ObjectSetInteger(chart_id, "SL Zone", OBJPROP_WIDTH, class="num">1);              class=class="str">"cmt">// Set the width of the rectangle border
ObjectSetInteger(chart_id, "SL Zone", OBJPROP_FILL, sl_zonez_color);  class=class="str">"cmt">// Fill the rectangle with the selected SL zone class="type">color
ObjectSetInteger(chart_id, "SL Zone", OBJPROP_BACK, true);            class=class="str">"cmt">// Set the rectangle to appear behind the chart objects
class=class="str">"cmt">// Set properties for the TP zone rectangle
ObjectSetInteger(chart_id, "TP zone", OBJPROP_COLOR, tp_zonez_color); class=class="str">"cmt">// Set class="type">color to the selected TP zone class="type">color
ObjectSetInteger(chart_id, "TP zone", OBJPROP_STYLE, STYLE_SOLID);    class=class="str">"cmt">// Set style to solid
ObjectSetInteger(chart_id, "TP zone", OBJPROP_WIDTH, class="num">1);              class=class="str">"cmt">// Set the width of the rectangle border
ObjectSetInteger(chart_id, "TP zone", OBJPROP_FILL, tp_zonez_color);  class=class="str">"cmt">// Fill the rectangle with the selected TP zone class="type">color
ObjectSetInteger(chart_id, "TP zone", OBJPROP_BACK, true);            class=class="str">"cmt">// Set the rectangle to appear behind the chart objects
}
   }
}
if(stop_loss > class="num">0)
  {
class=class="str">"cmt">// Create a rectangle to represent the Stop Loss(SL) zone on the chart
  ObjectCreate(chart_id, "SL Zone", OBJ_RECTANGLE, class="num">0, position_open_time, open_price, close_zone, stop_loss);
  }
if(take_profit > class="num">0)
  {
class=class="str">"cmt">// Create a rectangle to represent the Take Profit(TP) zone on the chart
  ObjectCreate(chart_id, "TP zone", OBJ_RECTANGLE, class="num">0, position_open_time, open_price, close_zone, take_profit);
  }
class=class="str">"cmt">// Get the current ask price
class="type">class="kw">double ask = SymbolInfoDouble(_Symbol, SYMBOL_ASK);
class=class="str">"cmt">// Create a trend line object on the chart from the position&class="macro">#x27;s open time and price to the current time and ask price
ObjectCreate(chart_id, "Trend Line", OBJ_TREND, class="num">0, position_open_time, open_price, TimeCurrent(), ask);
class=class="str">"cmt">// Set the class="type">color of the trend line

◍ 用代码把持仓区间画成可视区块

在 MT5 图表上把持仓的盈亏区间直接画出来，比盯着终端数字更直观。下面这段逻辑先给一条名为 Trend Line 的趋势线设了黄色、虚线、2 像素宽，再声明了开仓价、止损、止盈和时间等变量，方便后续定位。 position_index 输入项默认填 1，但注释里写明索引从 0 起算，也就是说默认抓的是账户里第二笔持仓；若你想盯第一笔，得改成 0。sl_zonez_color 用 clrPink 标亏损区，tp_zonez_color 用 clrSpringGreen 标盈利区，line_zonez_color 用 clrYellow 画线，都在 input 里可调。 OnTick 里先取当前卖价 ask，再把字符串 "23:59" 转成 datetime 作为区间截止时间。随后用 for 循环扫 PositionsTotal() 笔持仓，靠 PositionGetTicket(position_index) 匹配指定索引，且要求 POSITION_SYMBOL 等于当前图表品种才继续取数。外汇与贵金属杠杆高，这类可视化脚本只做辅助参考，信号本身不预示走向，实际成交受滑点与点差影响可能偏离画线区间。

MQL5 / C++

ObjectSetInteger(chart_id, "Trend Line", OBJPROP_COLOR, clrYellow);
class=class="str">"cmt">// Set the style of the trend line to dashed
ObjectSetInteger(chart_id, "Trend Line", OBJPROP_STYLE, STYLE_DASH);
class=class="str">"cmt">// Set the width of the trend line
ObjectSetInteger(chart_id, "Trend Line", OBJPROP_WIDTH, class="num">2);
class=class="str">"cmt">// Variables to store position details
class="type">class="kw">double open_price;            class=class="str">"cmt">// Variable to store the entry price of the position
class="type">class="kw">double stop_loss;             class=class="str">"cmt">// Variable to store the Stop Loss level of the position
class="type">class="kw">double take_profit;           class=class="str">"cmt">// Variable to store the Take Profit level of the position
class="type">class="kw">datetime position_open_time; class=class="str">"cmt">// Variable to store the open time of the position
class=class="str">"cmt">// Define the position index for the first position
input class="type">int position_index  = class="num">1; class=class="str">"cmt">// POSITION INDEX(Index starts from class="num">0)
class=class="str">"cmt">// Get the ID of the current chart
class="type">long chart_id = ChartID();   class=class="str">"cmt">// Store the ID of the current chart
class="type">class="kw">string time = "class="num">23:class="num">59";       class=class="str">"cmt">// Define a specific time as a class="type">class="kw">string
class=class="str">"cmt">// Define the class="type">color for the losing zone
input class="type">color sl_zonez_color   = clrPink; class=class="str">"cmt">// Choose a class="type">color for Losing Zone
class=class="str">"cmt">// Define the class="type">color for the winning zone
input class="type">color tp_zonez_color   = clrSpringGreen; class=class="str">"cmt">// Choose a class="type">color for Winning Zone
class=class="str">"cmt">// Define the class="type">color for the trend line
input class="type">color line_zonez_color = clrYellow; class=class="str">"cmt">// Choose a class="type">color for the line
class=class="str">"cmt">//+------------------------------------------------------------------+
class=class="str">"cmt">//| Expert tick function                                             |
class=class="str">"cmt">//+------------------------------------------------------------------+
class="type">void OnTick()
  {
  class=class="str">"cmt">// Get the current ask price
   class="type">class="kw">double ask = SymbolInfoDouble(_Symbol, SYMBOL_ASK);
  class=class="str">"cmt">// Convert the class="type">class="kw">string time to class="type">class="kw">datetime
   class="type">class="kw">datetime close_zone = StringToTime(time);
  class=class="str">"cmt">// Loop through all open positions
   for(class="type">int i = class="num">0; i < PositionsTotal(); i++)
     {
      class=class="str">"cmt">// Get the ticket number of the position at index &class="macro">#x27;i&class="macro">#x27;
      class="type">class="kw">ulong ticket = PositionGetTicket(i);
      class=class="str">"cmt">// Check if the position matches the specified index and symbol of the current chart
      if(PositionGetInteger(POSITION_TICKET) == PositionGetTicket(position_index) && PositionGetString(POSITION_SYMBOL) == ChartSymbol(chart_id))
        {
         class=class="str">"cmt">// Retrieve and store the entry price of the position
         open_price = PositionGetDouble(POSITION_PRICE_OPEN);
         class=class="str">"cmt">// Retrieve and store the Stop Loss level of the position
         stop_loss = PositionGetDouble(POSITION_SL);
         class=class="str">"cmt">// Retrieve and store the Take Profit level of the position
         take_profit = PositionGetDouble(POSITION_TP);

「把止损止盈画成图表上的实体区」

持仓一开出来，先把开仓时间抓到手：用 PositionGetInteger(POSITION_TIME) 强转成 int 存进 position_open_time，后面画对象全靠这个锚点。如果 stop_loss 大于 0，就调 ObjectCreate 画一个名为 "SL Zone" 的 OBJ_RECTANGLE，时间轴从 position_open_time 拉到 close_zone，价格轴从 open_price 到 stop_loss；take_profit 同理画 "TP zone"，边界到 take_profit。这两块矩形就是肉眼可见的止损 / 止盈触发带。外观全靠 ObjectSetInteger 堆出来：颜色用 sl_zonez_color / tp_zonez_color，线型 STYLE_SOLID，边框宽度 1，OBJPROP_FILL 填同色，OBJPROP_BACK 设 true 让矩形沉到 K 线后面不挡视野。外汇与贵金属杠杆高，SL/TP 区只作空间参考，实际滑点可能让成交偏离该带。最后一条 OBJ_TREND 从开仓点连到 TimeCurrent() 与 ask 价，命名 "Trend Line"，把持仓成本到现价的斜率直接晒在图上，方便你一眼判断浮盈浮亏的倾斜方向。

MQL5 / C++

position_open_time = (class="type">int)PositionGetInteger(POSITION_TIME);
if(stop_loss > class="num">0)
  {
  ObjectCreate(chart_id, "SL Zone", OBJ_RECTANGLE, class="num">0, position_open_time, open_price, close_zone, stop_loss);
  }
if(take_profit > class="num">0)
  {
  ObjectCreate(chart_id, "TP zone", OBJ_RECTANGLE, class="num">0, position_open_time, open_price, close_zone, take_profit);
  }
ObjectSetInteger(chart_id, "SL Zone", OBJPROP_COLOR, sl_zonez_color);
ObjectSetInteger(chart_id, "SL Zone", OBJPROP_STYLE, STYLE_SOLID);
ObjectSetInteger(chart_id, "SL Zone", OBJPROP_WIDTH, class="num">1);
ObjectSetInteger(chart_id, "SL Zone", OBJPROP_FILL, sl_zonez_color);
ObjectSetInteger(chart_id, "SL Zone", OBJPROP_BACK, true);
ObjectSetInteger(chart_id, "TP zone", OBJPROP_COLOR, tp_zonez_color);
ObjectSetInteger(chart_id, "TP zone", OBJPROP_STYLE, STYLE_SOLID);
ObjectSetInteger(chart_id, "TP zone", OBJPROP_WIDTH, class="num">1);
ObjectSetInteger(chart_id, "TP zone", OBJPROP_FILL, tp_zonez_color);
ObjectSetInteger(chart_id, "TP zone", OBJPROP_BACK, true);
ObjectCreate(chart_id, "Trend Line", OBJ_TREND, class="num">0, position_open_time, open_price, TimeCurrent(), ask);

把持仓盈亏钉在趋势线上

给图表上的趋势线做完外观设定后，下一步是把当前持仓的浮动盈亏直接标在图里，省得切仓位窗口看数字。下面这段逻辑先取 POSITION_PROFIT，再按正负拼成带符号的字符串，最后用 OBJ_TEXT 画到 ask 价位置。盈利为正或零时，DoubleToString 保留 2 位小数，StringFormat 套上 +$ 前缀；亏损则先用 MathAbs 转正数再格式化，前缀换成 -$。颜色上，正利润用 clrMediumBlue、负利润用 clrRed，一眼能分出方向。外汇和贵金属杠杆高，浮盈浮亏随时翻转，这种图上标注只作实时参考，不代表平仓结果。开 MT5 把这段接进 EA 的 OnTick，就能在盯盘时直接看到线旁的金额。

MQL5 / C++

ObjectSetInteger(chart_id, "Trend Line", OBJPROP_COLOR, line_zonez_color);
ObjectSetInteger(chart_id, "Trend Line", OBJPROP_STYLE, STYLE_DASH);
ObjectSetInteger(chart_id, "Trend Line", OBJPROP_WIDTH, class="num">2);
class=class="str">"cmt">// Calculate the profit of the current position
class="type">class="kw">double profit = PositionGetDouble(POSITION_PROFIT);
class=class="str">"cmt">// Variables to store the formatted profit text
class="type">class="kw">string curent_profits;
class="type">class="kw">string profit_to_string;
class=class="str">"cmt">// Check if the profit is positive or zero
if(profit >= class="num">0)
  {
   class=class="str">"cmt">// Convert the profit to a class="type">class="kw">string with class="num">2 decimal places
   profit_to_string = DoubleToString(profit, class="num">2);
   class=class="str">"cmt">// Format the profit as a positive amount with a &class="macro">#x27;+&class="macro">#x27; sign
   curent_profits = StringFormat("+$%s", profit_to_string);
   }
class=class="str">"cmt">// Check if the profit is negative
else
   if(profit < class="num">0)
     {
      class=class="str">"cmt">// Convert the negative profit to a positive number
      class="type">class="kw">double profit_to_positive = MathAbs(profit);
      class=class="str">"cmt">// Convert the positive profit to a class="type">class="kw">string with class="num">2 decimal places
      profit_to_string = DoubleToString(profit_to_positive, class="num">2);
      class=class="str">"cmt">// Format the profit as a negative amount with a &class="macro">#x27;-&class="macro">#x27; sign
      curent_profits = StringFormat("-$%s", profit_to_string);
      }
class=class="str">"cmt">// Create a text label on the chart to display the current profit
class="type">class="kw">string text_object_name = "Profit";
ObjectCreate(chart_id, text_object_name, OBJ_TEXT, class="num">0, TimeCurrent(), ask);
ObjectSetString(chart_id, text_object_name, OBJPROP_TEXT, curent_profits);
class=class="str">"cmt">// Set the class="type">color of the profit text based on whether the profit is positive or negative
if(profit > class="num">0)
  {
   ObjectSetInteger(chart_id, text_object_name, OBJPROP_COLOR, clrMediumBlue); class=class="str">"cmt">// Positive profit in blue
   }
else
   if(profit < class="num">0)
     {
      ObjectSetInteger(chart_id, text_object_name, OBJPROP_COLOR, clrRed); class=class="str">"cmt">// Negative profit in red
      }